linux/kernel/trace/trace_events_hist.c, branch v6.3

tracing: Check field value in hist_field_name()

2023-03-10T03:17:06Z

The function hist_field_name() cannot handle being passed a NULL field parameter. It should never be NULL, but due to a previous bug, NULL was passed to the function and the kernel crashed due to a NULL dereference. Mark Rutland reported this to me on IRC. The bug was fixed, but to prevent future bugs from crashing the kernel, check the field and add a WARN_ON() if it is NULL. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230302020810.762384440@goodmis.org Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Andrew Morton Reported-by: Mark Rutland Fixes: c6afad49d127f ("tracing: Add hist trigger 'sym' and 'sym-offset' modifiers") Tested-by: Mark Rutland Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing: Do not let histogram values have some modifiers

2023-03-10T03:17:06Z

Histogram values can not be strings, stacktraces, graphs, symbols, syscalls, or grouped in buckets or log. Give an error if a value is set to do so. Note, the histogram code was not prepared to handle these modifiers for histograms and caused a bug. Mark Rutland reported: # echo 'p:copy_to_user __arch_copy_to_user n=$arg2' >> /sys/kernel/tracing/kprobe_events # echo 'hist:keys=n:vals=hitcount.buckets=8:sort=hitcount' > /sys/kernel/tracing/events/kprobes/copy_to_user/trigger # cat /sys/kernel/tracing/events/kprobes/copy_to_user/hist [ 143.694628] Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000 [ 143.695190] Mem abort info: [ 143.695362] ESR = 0x0000000096000004 [ 143.695604] EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits [ 143.695889] SET = 0, FnV = 0 [ 143.696077] EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 [ 143.696302] FSC = 0x04: level 0 translation fault [ 143.702381] Data abort info: [ 143.702614] ISV = 0, ISS = 0x00000004 [ 143.702832] CM = 0, WnR = 0 [ 143.703087] user pgtable: 4k pages, 48-bit VAs, pgdp=00000000448f9000 [ 143.703407] [0000000000000000] pgd=0000000000000000, p4d=0000000000000000 [ 143.704137] Internal error: Oops: 0000000096000004 [#1] PREEMPT SMP [ 143.704714] Modules linked in: [ 143.705273] CPU: 0 PID: 133 Comm: cat Not tainted 6.2.0-00003-g6fc512c10a7c #3 [ 143.706138] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) [ 143.706723] pstate: 80000005 (Nzcv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 143.707120] pc : hist_field_name.part.0+0x14/0x140 [ 143.707504] lr : hist_field_name.part.0+0x104/0x140 [ 143.707774] sp : ffff800008333a30 [ 143.707952] x29: ffff800008333a30 x28: 0000000000000001 x27: 0000000000400cc0 [ 143.708429] x26: ffffd7a653b20260 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: ffff10d303ee5800 [ 143.708776] x23: ffffd7a6539b27b0 x22: ffff10d303fb8c00 x21: 0000000000000001 [ 143.709127] x20: ffff10d303ec2000 x19: 0000000000000000 x18: 0000000000000000 [ 143.709478] x17: 0000000000000000 x16: 0000000000000000 x15: 0000000000000000 [ 143.709824] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 203a6f666e692072 x12: 6567676972742023 [ 143.710179] x11: 0a230a6d6172676f x10: 000000000000002c x9 : ffffd7a6521e018c [ 143.710584] x8 : 000000000000002c x7 : 7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f x6 : 000000000000002c [ 143.710915] x5 : ffff10d303b0103e x4 : ffffd7a653b20261 x3 : 000000000000003d [ 143.711239] x2 : 0000000000020001 x1 : 0000000000000001 x0 : 0000000000000000 [ 143.711746] Call trace: [ 143.712115] hist_field_name.part.0+0x14/0x140 [ 143.712642] hist_field_name.part.0+0x104/0x140 [ 143.712925] hist_field_print+0x28/0x140 [ 143.713125] event_hist_trigger_print+0x174/0x4d0 [ 143.713348] hist_show+0xf8/0x980 [ 143.713521] seq_read_iter+0x1bc/0x4b0 [ 143.713711] seq_read+0x8c/0xc4 [ 143.713876] vfs_read+0xc8/0x2a4 [ 143.714043] ksys_read+0x70/0xfc [ 143.714218] __arm64_sys_read+0x24/0x30 [ 143.714400] invoke_syscall+0x50/0x120 [ 143.714587] el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x4c/0x100 [ 143.714807] do_el0_svc+0x44/0xd0 [ 143.714970] el0_svc+0x2c/0x84 [ 143.715134] el0t_64_sync_handler+0xbc/0x140 [ 143.715334] el0t_64_sync+0x190/0x194 [ 143.715742] Code: a9bd7bfd 910003fd a90153f3 aa0003f3 (f9400000) [ 143.716510] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- Segmentation fault Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230302020810.559462599@goodmis.org Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Andrew Morton Fixes: c6afad49d127f ("tracing: Add hist trigger 'sym' and 'sym-offset' modifiers") Reported-by: Mark Rutland Tested-by: Mark Rutland Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing/histogram: Fix stacktrace key

2023-02-16T18:48:15Z

The current code will always use the current stacktrace as a key even if a stacktrace contained in a specific event field was specified. For example, we expect to use the 'unsigned long[] stack' field in the below event in the histogram: # echo 's:block_lat pid_t pid; u64 delta; unsigned long[] stack;' > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/dynamic_events # echo 'hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stack.stacktrace:sort=delta' > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/synthetic/block_lat/trigger But in fact, when we type out the trigger, we see that it's using the plain old global 'stacktrace' as the key, which is just the stacktrace when the event was hit and not the stacktrace contained in the event, which is what we want: # cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/synthetic/block_lat/trigger hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stacktrace:vals=hitcount:sort=delta.buckets=100:size=2048 [active] And in fact, there's no code to actually retrieve it from the event, so we need to add HIST_FIELD_FN_STACK and hist_field_stack() to get it and hook it into the trigger code. For now, since the stack is just using dynamic strings, this could just use the dynamic string function, but it seems cleaner to have a dedicated function an be able to tweak independently as necessary. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/11aa614c82976adbfa4ea763dbe885b5fb01d59c.1676063532.git.zanussi@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tom Zanussi [ Fixed 32bit build warning reported by kernel test robot ] Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing/histogram: Fix a few problems with stacktrace variable printing

2023-02-16T17:37:59Z

Currently, there are a few problems when printing hist triggers and trace output when using stacktrace variables. This fixes the problems seen below: # echo 'hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stack.stacktrace:sort=delta' > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/synthetic/block_lat/trigger # cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/synthetic/block_lat/trigger hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stacktrace:vals=hitcount:sort=delta.buckets=100:size=2048 [active] # echo 'hist:keys=next_pid:ts=common_timestamp.usecs,st=stacktrace if prev_state == 2' >> /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/sched/sched_switch/trigger # cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/sched/sched_switch/trigger hist:keys=next_pid:vals=hitcount:ts=common_timestamp.usecs,st=stacktrace.stacktrace:sort=hitcount:size=2048:clock=global if prev_state == 2 [active] and also in the trace output (should be stack.stacktrace): { delta: ~ 100-199, stacktrace __schedule+0xa19/0x1520 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/60bebd4e546728e012a7a2bcbf58716d48ba6edb.1676063532.git.zanussi@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tom Zanussi Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing: Add BUILD_BUG() to make sure stacktrace fits in strings

2023-02-16T01:25:38Z

The max string length for a histogram variable is 256 bytes. The max depth of a stacktrace is 16. With 8byte words, that's 16 * 8 = 128. Which can easily fit in the string variable. The histogram stacktrace is being stored in the string value (with the given max length), with the assumption it will fit. To make sure that this is always the case (in the case that the stack trace depth increases), add a BUILD_BUG_ON() to test this. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20230214002418.0103b9e765d3e5c374d2aa7d@kernel.org/ Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing/histogram: Don't use strlen to find length of stacktrace variables

2023-02-16T00:59:09Z

Because stacktraces are saved in dynamic strings, trace_event_raw_event_synth() uses strlen to determine the length of the stack. Stacktraces may contain 0-bytes, though, in the saved addresses, so the length found and passed to reserve() will be too small. Fix this by using the first unsigned long in the stack variables to store the actual number of elements in the stack and have trace_event_raw_event_synth() use that to determine the length of the stack. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/1ed6906cd9d6477ef2bd8e63c61de20a9ffe64d7.1676063532.git.zanussi@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Tom Zanussi Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing/histogram: Add stacktrace type

2023-01-25T15:31:24Z

Now that stacktraces can be part of synthetic events, allow a key to be typed as a stacktrace. # cd /sys/kernel/tracing # echo 's:block_lat u64 delta; unsigned long stack[];' >> dynamic_events # echo 'hist:keys=next_pid:ts=common_timestamp.usecs,st=stacktrace if prev_state == 2' >> events/sched/sched_switch/trigger # echo 'hist:keys=prev_pid:delta=common_timestamp.usecs-$ts,st2=$st:onmatch(sched.sched_switch).trace(block_lat,$delta,$st2)' >> events/sched/sched_switch/trigger # echo 'hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stack.stacktrace:sort=delta' > events/synthetic/block_lat/trigger # cat events/synthetic/block_lat/hist # event histogram # # trigger info: hist:keys=delta.buckets=100,stacktrace:vals=hitcount:sort=delta.buckets=100:size=2048 [active] # { delta: ~ 0-99, stacktrace: event_hist_trigger+0x464/0x480 event_triggers_call+0x52/0xe0 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x193/0x250 trace_event_raw_event_sched_switch+0xfc/0x150 __traceiter_sched_switch+0x41/0x60 __schedule+0x448/0x7b0 schedule_idle+0x26/0x40 cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20 start_secondary+0xed/0xf0 secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe0/0xeb } hitcount: 6 { delta: ~ 0-99, stacktrace: event_hist_trigger+0x464/0x480 event_triggers_call+0x52/0xe0 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x193/0x250 trace_event_raw_event_sched_switch+0xfc/0x150 __traceiter_sched_switch+0x41/0x60 __schedule+0x448/0x7b0 schedule_idle+0x26/0x40 cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20 __pfx_kernel_init+0x0/0x10 arch_call_rest_init+0xa/0x24 start_kernel+0x964/0x98d secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe0/0xeb } hitcount: 3 { delta: ~ 0-99, stacktrace: event_hist_trigger+0x464/0x480 event_triggers_call+0x52/0xe0 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x193/0x250 trace_event_raw_event_sched_switch+0xfc/0x150 __traceiter_sched_switch+0x41/0x60 __schedule+0x448/0x7b0 schedule+0x5a/0xb0 worker_thread+0xaf/0x380 kthread+0xe9/0x110 ret_from_fork+0x2c/0x50 } hitcount: 1 { delta: ~ 100-199, stacktrace: event_hist_trigger+0x464/0x480 event_triggers_call+0x52/0xe0 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x193/0x250 trace_event_raw_event_sched_switch+0xfc/0x150 __traceiter_sched_switch+0x41/0x60 __schedule+0x448/0x7b0 schedule_idle+0x26/0x40 cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20 start_secondary+0xed/0xf0 secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe0/0xeb } hitcount: 15 [..] { delta: ~ 8500-8599, stacktrace: event_hist_trigger+0x464/0x480 event_triggers_call+0x52/0xe0 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x193/0x250 trace_event_raw_event_sched_switch+0xfc/0x150 __traceiter_sched_switch+0x41/0x60 __schedule+0x448/0x7b0 schedule_idle+0x26/0x40 cpu_startup_entry+0x19/0x20 start_secondary+0xed/0xf0 secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xe0/0xeb } hitcount: 1 Totals: Hits: 89 Entries: 11 Dropped: 0 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230117152236.167046397@goodmis.org Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Tom Zanussi Cc: Ross Zwisler Cc: Ching-lin Yu Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing: Allow synthetic events to pass around stacktraces

2023-01-25T15:31:24Z

Allow a stacktrace from one event to be displayed by the end event of a synthetic event. This is very useful when looking for the longest latency of a sleep or something blocked on I/O. # cd /sys/kernel/tracing/ # echo 's:block_lat pid_t pid; u64 delta; unsigned long[] stack;' > dynamic_events # echo 'hist:keys=next_pid:ts=common_timestamp.usecs,st=stacktrace if prev_state == 1||prev_state == 2' > events/sched/sched_switch/trigger # echo 'hist:keys=prev_pid:delta=common_timestamp.usecs-$ts,s=$st:onmax($delta).trace(block_lat,prev_pid,$delta,$s)' >> events/sched/sched_switch/trigger The above creates a "block_lat" synthetic event that take the stacktrace of when a task schedules out in either the interruptible or uninterruptible states, and on a new per process max $delta (the time it was scheduled out), will print the process id and the stacktrace. # echo 1 > events/synthetic/block_lat/enable # cat trace # TASK-PID CPU# ||||| TIMESTAMP FUNCTION # | | | ||||| | | kworker/u16:0-767 [006] d..4. 560.645045: block_lat: pid=767 delta=66 stack=STACK: => __schedule => schedule => pipe_read => vfs_read => ksys_read => do_syscall_64 => 0x966000aa -0 [003] d..4. 561.132117: block_lat: pid=0 delta=413787 stack=STACK: => __schedule => schedule => schedule_hrtimeout_range_clock => do_sys_poll => __x64_sys_poll => do_syscall_64 => 0x966000aa <...>-153 [006] d..4. 562.068407: block_lat: pid=153 delta=54 stack=STACK: => __schedule => schedule => io_schedule => rq_qos_wait => wbt_wait => __rq_qos_throttle => blk_mq_submit_bio => submit_bio_noacct_nocheck => ext4_bio_write_page => mpage_submit_page => mpage_process_page_bufs => mpage_prepare_extent_to_map => ext4_do_writepages => ext4_writepages => do_writepages => __writeback_single_inode Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230117152236.010941267@goodmis.org Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Tom Zanussi Cc: Ross Zwisler Cc: Ching-lin Yu Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

tracing: Allow stacktraces to be saved as histogram variables

2023-01-25T15:31:24Z

Allow to save stacktraces into a histogram variable. This will be used by synthetic events to allow a stacktrace from one event to be passed and displayed by another event. The special keyword "stacktrace" is to be used to trigger a stack trace for the event that the histogram trigger is attached to. echo 'hist:keys=pid:st=stacktrace" > events/sched/sched_waking/trigger Currently nothing can get access to the "$st" variable above that contains the stack trace, but that will soon change. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230117152235.856323729@goodmis.org Cc: Masami Hiramatsu Cc: Andrew Morton Cc: Tom Zanussi Cc: Ross Zwisler Cc: Ching-lin Yu Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

trace_events_hist: add check for return value of 'create_hist_field'

2023-01-24T23:19:36Z

Function 'create_hist_field' is called recursively at trace_events_hist.c:1954 and can return NULL-value that's why we have to check it to avoid null pointer dereference. Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230111120409.4111-1-n.petrova@fintech.ru Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Fixes: 30350d65ac56 ("tracing: Add variable support to hist triggers") Signed-off-by: Natalia Petrova Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)