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authorHeiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>2026-01-09 16:31:44 +0100
committerHeiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>2026-01-27 12:16:16 +0100
commit9f9d68c308cb63de67d35171925ce3875d076d4f (patch)
treee2ec8c062757effee4482a97e1550d3172b06771 /Documentation/features/debug/stackprotector
parent79996065cfa258de95c123ca9ed93754ab60d8c8 (diff)
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s390/bug: Prevent tail-call optimization
For the exception based __WARN_trap() implementation it is technically not necessary to prevent tail-call optimization, however it may be confusing to see warning messages like: WARNING: arch/s390/kernel/setup.c:1017 at foobar+0x2c/0x50, CPU#0: swapper/0/0 together with a disassembly of a different function caused by tail-call optimization for the __WARN_trap() call. Prevent that by adding an empty asm statement. This generates slightly worse code, but should hopefully avoid confusion. With this the output looks like: WARNING: arch/s390/kernel/setup.c:1017 at foobar+0x2c/0x50, CPU#0: swapper/0/0 ... Krnl PSW : 0704c00180000000 000003ffe0119788 (foobar+0x38/0x50) ... Krnl Code: 000003ffe0119776: e3e0f0980024 stg %r14,152(%r15) 000003ffe011977c: c02000b8992a larl %r2,000003ffe182c9d0 *000003ffe0119782: c0e5007270b7 brasl %r14,000003ffe0f678f0 >000003ffe0119788: ebeff0a00004 lmg %r14,%r15,160(%r15) 000003ffe011978e: 07fe bcr 15,%r14 000003ffe0119790: 47000700 bc 0,1792 000003ffe0119794: 0707 bcr 0,%r7 000003ffe0119796: 0707 bcr 0,%r7 Call Trace: [<000003ffe0119788>] foobar+0x38/0x50 [<000003ffe185bc2e>] arch_cpu_finalize_init+0x26/0x60 [<000003ffe185654c>] start_kernel+0x53c/0x5d8 [<000003ffe010002e>] startup_continue+0x2e/0x40 A better solution would be to replace or patch the branch instruction to __WARN_trap() with the monitor call instruction, similar to what is done for x86 [1]. However s390 does not support static_cond_calls(). Therefore use the simple approach for the time being. [1] commit 860238af7a33 ("x86_64/bug: Inline the UD1") Reviewed-by: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
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